how many soviet soldiers died in ww2

[citation needed]. Web09 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Pages in category "Soviet military personnel killed in World War II" The following 200 pages are in this category, out of approximately 339 total. In the south the Red Army lunged over the Donets River at Izyum and drove a 100km (62mi) deep salient. Two Soviet fronts punched through the Romanian lines and converged at Kalach on 23 November, trapping 300,000 Axis troops behind them. German forces invaded the Soviet Union in 1941 and had advanced to the suburbs of Stalingrad (now Volgograd) by the summer of 1942. That is to say not every fourth inhabitant but almost 40% of the pre-war Belarusian population perished (considering the present-day borders of Belarus). Following bloody encirclement battles, all of the present-day Belarus territory was occupied by the Germans by the end of August 1941. Source: L. E. Reshin, "Year of 1941", vol. The Soviet invasion of Manchuria began on 8 August 1945, with an assault on the Japanese puppet states of Manchukuo and neighbouring Mengjiang; the greater offensive would eventually include northern Korea, southern Sakhalin, and the Kuril Islands. As a rule, the maximum in loot was extracted. The number of civilian deaths in China alone might well be more than [22][25] The Soviet Union negotiated treaties of mutual assistance with France and with Czechoslovakia with the aim of containing Germany's expansion. In 1941, thousands of trains evacuated critical factories and workers from Belarus and Ukraine to safe areas far from the front lines. Part of a series on the History of Berlin Margraviate of Brandenburg (11571806) Kingdom of Prussia (17011918) German Empire (18711918) Free State of Prussia (19181947) Weimar Republic (19191933) 1920s Berlin Assassination of Talat Pasha Greater Berlin Act Meanwhile, the 2nd Panzer Army failed to take Tula, the last Soviet city that stood in its way to the capital. WebOf the estimated 7085 million deaths attributed to World War II, around 30 million occurred on the Eastern Front, including 9 million children. On 30 March the Red Army entered Austria and captured Vienna on 13 April. [citation needed], The Soviets lost 96,500 tanks, tank destroyers, self-propelled guns and assault guns, as well as 37,600 other armoured vehicles (such as armoured cars and semi-tracked trucks) for a total of 134,100 armoured vehicles lost. During the war, as Germany acquired new territories (either by direct annexation or by installing puppet governments in defeated countries), these new territories were forced to sell raw materials and agricultural products to German buyers at extremely low prices. Soviet numbers for 1945 are for the whole of 1945, including after the war was over. Others say that Stalin was eager for Germany to be at war with capitalist countries. Among other goods, Lend-Lease supplied:[50]:89, Lend-Lease aid of military hardware, components and goods to the Soviet Union constituted to 20% percent of the assistance. The Germans cut the wire network in all Soviet western military districts to undermine the Red Army's communications. (referenced to BA-MA, N69/18.). [40] After nearly four years of intense fighting, Soviet forces finally launched their assault on Berlin on 16 April 1945. According to a summary, presented by Lieutenant General Roman Rudenko at the International Military Tribunal in Nuremberg, the property damage in the Soviet Union inflicted by the Axis invasion was estimated to a value of 679billion rubles. The grand plan was to secure the Don and Volga first and then drive into the Caucasus towards the oil fields, but operational considerations and Hitler's vanity made him order both objectives to be attempted simultaneously. The multiple battles and the use of scorched earth tactics destroyed agricultural land, infrastructure, and whole towns, leaving much of the population homeless and without food. They were now free to move west towards the British 21st Army Group and north towards the Baltic port of Stralsund. Existing sources suggest that some 5.7 million Soviet army personnel fell into German hands during. It was also reflected in the ideological premise for the war, which also saw a momentous clash between two directly opposed ideologies. The Belorussian Offensive (codenamed Operation Bagration), which was agreed upon by Allies at the Tehran Conference in December 1943 and launched on 22 June 1944, was a massive Soviet attack, consisting of four Soviet army groups totalling over 120 divisions that smashed into a thinly held German line. Their next target was Smolensk, which fell on 16 July, but the fierce Soviet resistance in the Smolensk area and slowing of the Wehrmacht advance by the North and South Army Groups forced Hitler to halt a central thrust at Moscow and to divert the 3rd Panzer Group north. Mindful of the continuing antagonism between Axis allies Romania and Hungary over Transylvania, the Romanian army in the Don bend was separated from the Hungarian 2nd army by the Italian 8th Army. Rdiger Overmans states that it seems entirely plausible, while not provable, that one half of these men were killed in action and the other half died in Soviet custody. When the Red Army invaded Germany in 1944, many German civilians suffered from reprisals by Red Army soldiers (see Soviet war crimes). German forces invaded the Soviet Union in 1941 and had advanced to the suburbs of Stalingrad (now Volgograd) by the summer of 1942. |Lak, Martijn (2015). Himmler pronounced a plan according to which .mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}34 of the Belarusian population was designated for "eradication" and 14 of the racially 'cleaner' population (blue eyes, light hair) would be allowed to serve Germans as slaves. Following the Soviet occupation of eastern Poland, of the Baltic states and of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina in 19391940, Stalin insisted on the occupation of every fold of the newly Sovietized territories; this move westward positioned troops far from their depots, in salients that left them vulnerable to encirclement. Critically, Guderian's 2nd Panzer Group was ordered to move south in a giant pincer manoeuvre with Army Group South which was advancing into Ukraine. Belarus lost a quarter of its pre-war population, including practically all its intellectual elite. In March, 20 German divisions of Generaloberst Hans-Valentin Hube's 1st Panzer Army were encircled in what was to be known as Hube's Pocket near Kamenets-Podolskiy. Similarly, Russia's post-war position in Europe will be a dominant one. Romania's oil production amounted to approximately 6,000,000 tons annually. At the end of August Romanian mountain troops joined the Caucasian spearhead, while the Romanian 3rd and 4th armies were redeployed from their successful task of clearing the Azov littoral. The OKW - Oberkommando der Wehrmacht or High Command of the German Army - claimed German losses of 77,000 killed, 334,000 wounded and 192,000 missing, with a total of 603,000 men, on the Eastern Front during January and February 1945.[99]. Existing sources suggest that some 5.7 million Soviet army personnel fell into German hands during. page 32), .. Charles Long, 1965: Materialien zum Vortrag des Chefs des Wehrmachtfhrungsstabes vom 7.11.1943 "Die strategische Lage am Anfang des fnften Kriegsjahres", (referenced to KTB OKW, IV, S. 1534 ff. About 4,200,000 Germans died, and about 1,972,000 Japanese died. WebOfficially, roughly 8.6 million Soviet soldiers died in the course of the war, including millions of POWs. [50]:122 In addition, the USSR received wartime innovations including penicillin, radar, rocket, precision-bombing technology, the long-range navigation system Loran, and many other innovations. Web. Hitler had always intended to renege on his pact with the Soviet Union, eventually making the decision to invade in the spring of 1941. active-duty Heer, Waffen SS, Luftwaffe ground forces, personnel of the naval coastal artillery and security units. [92][93], The neighbouring LvovSandomierz operation was launched on 17 July 1944, with the Red Army routing the German forces in Western Ukraine and retaking Lviv. They were supplied by air until April when they were given permission to regain the Soviet main lines. The Germans abducted approximately 12million foreign people from almost twenty European countries; about two-thirds came from Central Europe and Eastern Europe. Throughout the 1930s the Soviet Union underwent massive industrialisation and economic growth under the leadership of Joseph Stalin. WebA method was thereby found that would kill millions of people with minimal effort. Without Russia in the war, the Axis cannot be defeated in Europe, and the position of the United Nations becomes precarious. Axis troops who captured Red Army soldiers frequently shot them in the field or shipped them to concentration camps to be used as forced labourers or killed. In areas such as Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania (which had been annexed by the Soviet Union in 1940) the Wehrmacht was tolerated by a relatively more significant part of the native population. Soviet armoured fighting vehicle production was greater than the Germans (in 1943, the Soviet Union manufactured 24,089 tanks and self-propelled guns to Germany's 19,800). [10] The disastrous encirclements later in the war at Stalingrad, Korsun and many other places resulted directly from Hitler's orders. However, some sources quoted in the articles on Soviet spies Richard Sorge and Willi Lehmann, say they had sent warnings of an attack on 20 or 22 June, which were treated as "disinformation". It was by far the deadliest single theatre of the European portion of World War II with up to 8.7 to 10million military deaths on the Soviet side (although, depending on the criteria used, casualties in the Far East theatre may have been similar in number). [88] The Leningrad Front's offensives towards Tallinn, a main Baltic port, were stopped in February 1944. The Soviet advance continued along the railway line until the 1939 PolishSoviet border was reached on 3 January 1944. Russians consider it to be one of the greatest battles of their Great Patriotic War, and most historians consider it to be the greatest battle of the entire conflict. Germany had been assembling very large numbers of troops in eastern Poland and making repeated reconnaissance flights over the border; the Soviet Union responded by assembling its divisions on its western border, although the Soviet mobilisation was slower than Germany's due to the country's less dense road network. At the end of the day both sides had fought each other to a standstill, but regardless of the German failure in the north Erich von Manstein proposed he continue the attack with the 4th Panzer Army. [75] Army Group North positioned itself in front of Leningrad and attempted to cut the rail link at Mga to the east. 227, issued on 28 July 1942, threatened commanders who retreated without orders with punishment by court-martial. The Soviet Union finally entered Warsaw on 17 January 1945, after the city was destroyed and abandoned by the Germans. For a discussion of the term itself, see, , , , Leningrad, Moscow and Rostov: Autumn 1941, Repression and genocide in occupied territories, Hungary voluntarily participated in the conflict until March 1944, when it submitted to, Slovakia voluntarily participated in the conflict until August 1944, when it submitted to, A battalion composed of Czechs and Slovaks in the Soviet Union (refugees, defectors, part of the ethnic minority in the USSR) was established early in the war and would eventually grow to a, As part of the Allied victory in the European theatre of World War II, The references used may be made clearer with a different or consistent style of. These results and missed opportunities contributed to the defeat of the Wehrmacht. [44], British historians Alan S. Milward and M. Medlicott show that Nazi Germanyunlike Imperial Germanywas prepared for only a short-term war (Blitzkrieg). To divert the rescue attempt, the Red Army decided to smash the Italians and come down behind the relief attempt if they could; that operation starting on 16 December. Accordingly, they stripped troops from Army Group Centre, whose front still protruded deep into the Soviet Union. The paratroopers were soon repelled but not until still more Red Army troops had used the cover they provided to get themselves over the Dnieper and securely dug in. doi:10.1080/13518046.2015.1061828. |Glantz, David M. (1998). Top. as part of their program aiming to exterminate all European Jews.[18]. Operation Winter Storm, with three transferred panzer divisions, got going briskly from Kotelnikovo towards the Aksai river but became bogged down 65km (40mi) short of its goal. [77], Army Group South pushed down from the Dnieper to the Sea of Azov coast, also advancing through Kharkov, Kursk, and Stalino. This list may not reflect recent changes . WebWorld War II losses of the Soviet Union were about 27,000,000, both civilian and military from all war-related causes, [1] although exact figures are disputed. Only part of Belov's Cavalry Corps made it to safety however, while Yefremov's men fought "a losing battle. [161] According to Soviet claims, the Germans lost 42,700 tanks, tank destroyers, self-propelled guns and assault guns on the Eastern front. This death toll was neither an accident nor an automatic result of the war. "[83]:64. Once these facilities were reassembled east of the Urals, production could be resumed without fear of German bombing. At crucial periods in the war he held daily situation-conferences at which he used his remarkable talent for public speaking to overwhelm opposition from his generals and from the OKW staff with rhetoric. Web. [2] The German armed forces suffered 80% of its military deaths in the Eastern Front. Also worried by the Allies' landing in Sicily on 10 July, Hitler made the decision to halt the offensive even as the German 9th Army was rapidly giving ground in the north. German figures for 1941 and 1942 include tanks only. For Operation Barbarossa, Germany mobilised 3,300,000 troops of the Heer, 150,000 of the Waffen-SS[39] and approximately 250,000 personnel of the Luftwaffe were actively earmarked. [170][159] About 5% of the Soviet prisoners who died were of Jewish ethnicity. By its end, large numbers of Soviet POWs, forced labourers and Nazi collaborators (including those who were forcefully repatriated by the Western Allies) went to special NKVD "filtration" camps. The final battle of the Second World War on the Eastern Front, the Battle of Slivice, broke out on 11 May and ended in a Soviet victory on the 12th. The two were complementary because possession of the zone could not be won quickly unless Berlin was taken. Operation Uranus started on 19 November. Meanwhile, Germany had been cut off from foreign trade for years by the time it invaded the USSR, was in the middle of two extended and costly theatres at air and sea that further limited production (Battle of the Atlantic and Defence of the Reich), and was forced to devote a large segment of its expenditures to goods the Soviets could cut back on (such as trucks) or which would never even be used against the Soviets (such as ships). At the crisis of the war, in the autumn of 1942, Stalin made many concessions to the army: the government restored unitary command by removing the Commissars from the chain of command. These foreign volunteers in the Wehrmacht were primarily used in the Eastern Front but some were assigned to guard the beaches of Normandy. Joseph Stalin bore the greatest responsibility for some of the disasters at the beginning of the war (for example, the Battle of Kiev (1941)), but equally deserves praise for the subsequent success of the Soviet Red Army, which depended on the unprecedentedly rapid industrialisation of the Soviet Union, which Stalin's internal policy had made the first priority throughout the 1930s. [55], On 27 May 1940, Germany signed the "Oil Pact" with Romania, by which Germany would trade arms for oil. The number of civilian deaths in China alone might well be more than Routledge. Towards the south, the 1st Panzer Army had reached the Caucasian foothills and the Malka River. The German army group "Narwa" included Estonian conscripts, defending the re-establishment of Estonian independence.[89][90]. pp. After a meeting held in Orsha between the head of the OKH (Army General Staff), General Franz Halder and the heads of three Army groups and armies, decided to push forward to Moscow since it was better, as argued by the head of Army Group Center, Field Marshal Fedor von Bock, for them to try their luck on the battlefield rather than just sit and wait while their opponent gathered more strength. The fall of Knigsberg allowed Stavka to free up General Konstantin Rokossovsky's 2nd Belorussian Front (2BF) to move west to the east bank of the Oder. Operation Barbarossa, original name Operation Fritz, during World War II, code name for the German invasion of the Soviet Union, which was launched on June 22, 1941. The success of this hedgehog defence outside Moscow led Hitler to insist on the holding of territory when it made no military sense, and to sack generals who retreated without orders. [50]:122 The rest were foodstuff, nonferrous metals (e.g., copper, magnesium, nickel, zinc, lead, tin, aluminium), chemical substances, petroleum (high octane aviation gasoline) and factory machinery. [6][43], Some historians say Stalin was fearful of war with Germany, or just did not expect Germany to start a two-front war, and was reluctant to do anything to provoke Hitler. [78][79], The onset of the winter freeze saw one last German lunge that opened on 15 November, when the Wehrmacht attempted to encircle Moscow.

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