photosynthesis is to chloroplasts as cellular respiration is to

WebSince plants also use oxygen gas during cellular respiration, this assay is only a relative measurement of photosynthesis. Nam lacinia pulvinar tortor nec facilisis. This ancestor then diverged, over hundreds of millions of years, into the millions of species we see on Earth today. At constant temperature, the rate of carbon assimilation varies with irradiance, increasing as the irradiance increases, but reaching a plateau at higher irradiance. Using synthetic biology, they produced tobacco lines with chloroplasts bigger and smaller than the size found in wild plants. For general feedback, use the public comments section below (please adhere to guidelines). CliffsNotes study guides are written by real teachers and professors, so no matter what you're studying, CliffsNotes can ease your homework headaches and help you score high on exams. Oxygen is produced as a by-product. Nam risus ante, dapibus a molestie consequat, ultrices ac magna. Chloroplasts (mostly found in the mesophyll layer) contain a green substance called This theory suggests that chloroplasts were originally photosynthetic bacteria, and that mitochondria were originally bacteria capable of oxidative phosphorylation. The modern chloroplast genome, however, is much reduced in size: over the course of evolution, increasing numbers of chloroplast genes have been transferred to the genome in the cell nucleus. Salvaging glycolate is an energetically expensive process that uses the glycolate pathway, and only 75% of the carbon is returned to the Calvin-Benson cycle as 3-phosphoglycerate. In plants that use crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM), PEP carboxylation and the Calvin cycle are separated temporally in chloroplasts, the former taking place at night and the latter during the day. Biologydictionary.net Editors. These include the amount of light available, the amount of leaf area a plant has to capture light (shading by other plants is a major limitation of photosynthesis), the rate at which carbon dioxide can be supplied to the chloroplasts to support photosynthesis, the availability of water, and the availability of suitable temperatures for carrying out photosynthesis.

sectetur adipiscing elit.

sectetur adipiscing elit. W poykajccy wasny ogon, czyli Uroboros symbol wiecznoci iboskiej samowystarczalnoci. Further, both mitochondria and chloroplast contain bits of circular DNA, similar to that found in bacteria. C. in the underground borrow Heme groups are also seen bound to hemoglobin, in blood cells. Chloroplasts are roughly 12 m (1 m = 0.001 mm) thick and 57 m in diameter. (A) Explain how a bioreactor works. Below are the other parts of the cell that work with the chloroplast to make photosynthesis happen. Hence, photosynthesis is to chloroplasts as cellular respiration is to mitochondria, which is in Option A, as the mitochondria are the organelles that take part in aerobic cellular respiration. Which of the following is NOT a difference between photosynthesis and cellular respiration A. the container that holds moisture and keeps the plant turgid. Nam lacinia pulvinar tortor nec facilisis. Wyraenie zgody jest dobrowolne. Two of these molecules are then combined to produce a glucose, among other things. The energy within and the hydrogen molecules are used to energize reactions throughout the cycle. Chlorophyll absorbs the light energy needed to make photosynthesis happen. Include the name of each organelle in your drawing! Copyright 20082022 eSchoolToday in association with BusinessGhana.com. Biological process to convert light into chemical energy, Toggle Light-dependent reactions subsection, Toggle Light-independent reactions subsection, Cyanobacteria and the evolution of photosynthesis, Light intensity (irradiance), wavelength and temperature, Carbon dioxide levels and photorespiration, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, "When did oxygenic photosynthesis evolve? Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Mokave totake rcznie robiona biuteria lubna iZarczynowa. You can specify conditions of storing and accessing cookies in your browser. As a human, your cells rely on glucose to function. Light studies with individual corn leaves", 10.2135/cropsci1962.0011183x000200040011x, 10.2135/cropsci1963.0011183X000300020002x, 10.2135/cropsci1965.0011183x000500060010x, "Citation Classic-Photosynthesis among species in relation to characteristics of leaf anatomy and CO, "Carbon dioxide fixation in sugarcane leaves", "Photosynthesis by sugar-cane leaves. WebThe process occurs in mitochondria. As a result, proteins encoded by nuclear DNA have become essential to chloroplast function. The process of endosymbiosis would account for this complexity. These reactions can be seen in the image below. You can unsubscribe at any time and we'll never share your details to third parties. Mitochondria are organelles found in eukaryotic cells and have a significant role in beta oxidation and in cellular respiration. This ATP can be used in a number of cellular reactions, and provides activation energy to help enzymes complete tasks. McMahon, M. J., Kofranek, A. M., & Rubatzky, V. E. (2011). Donec aliquet. 1 2) How do cells capture the energy released by cellular respiration? Thank you for taking time to provide your feedback to the editors. The information you enter will appear in your e-mail message and is not retained by Phys.org in any form. This article was most recently revised and updated by, Chloroplast genome and membrane transport, https://www.britannica.com/science/chloroplast, Khan Academy - Mitochondria and chloroplasts, National Center for Biotechnology Information - Chloroplasts and Photosynthesis. As such, they could take in large quantities of smaller bacteria. During the process of photosynthesis, cells use carbon dioxide and energy from the sun to make sugar (carbohydrate) molecules and oxygen. nucleus cytoplasm MITOCHONDRIA FROM THE STUDY SET Biology Final Review pt. Cellular Respiration: Mitochondria: Mitochondria are the organelles where cellular respiration takes place in eukaryotic cells. Second, Blackman's experiments illustrate the concept of limiting factors. The market has the following supply: P = Q + 2 The demand in the same market is: Q = -2P + 2d --> (d=45) --> Q = Relying on any part of his book, what does Christopher Simpson mean by the term "blowback?" Results like those found by Glowacka and team are helpful in providing direction for RIPE researchers. A third, internal membrane, extensively folded and characterized by the presence of closed disks (or thylakoids), is known as the thylakoid membrane. I NEED A GOOD EXPLANATION OF THIS PLEASE THANK YOU. Organelles within plant cells, known as chloroplasts, contain specialized proteins capable of interacting with light. Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis | Biology Dictionary This electron transport chain uses a series of electron driven enzymes, which specialize in binding loose phosphate groups to ADP. Chloroplasts are the organelles within the cells of the leaf where photosynthesis occurs. During the process of photosynthesis, cells use carbon dioxide and energy from the sun to make sugar (carbohydrate) molecules and oxygen. All the butterflies in a meadow are killed with a pesticide. nadchodzi Sezon Soca Przesilenie letnie, gorce wieczory, wakacyjne wyjazdy Czas jakby wolniejszy, przyjemniejszy, spokojniejszy. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. "Interestingly, we found that changes in chloroplast size had relatively small effects on photosynthesis.". WebOverview Photosynthesis changes sunlight into chemical energy, splits water to liberate O 2, and fixes CO 2 into sugar. We keep our content available to everyone. Glucose is created by the process of photosynthesis. Pellentesque dapibus efficitur laoreet. This membrane is loaded with specialized proteins, capable of transferring energy derived from the passing of electrons down their potential gradient. All the grass in a meadow is killed with an herbicide. Donec aliquet. Delivers energy to where it is needed in the cell Which of the following is a factor that can affect photosynthesis? Draw and give an example of a bioreactor. The first process of cellular respiration, glycolysis, is exactly what its name implies. [89][90], There are four main factors influencing photosynthesis[clarification needed] and several corollary factors. Hundreds of millions of years after this division of organelles, and evolution has given us what we see today. Biologydictionary.net Editors. PROMOCJA -15% , Mokave totake rcznie robiona biuteria. In plants, chloroplasts are concentrated particularly in the parenchyma cells of theleafmesophyll (the internal cell layers of a leaf). Idealnie zobrazowaa toKarolina @kaboompics zobaczcie sami #mokavejewelry #mokavegirl #mokavebizuteria #mokave #mamznaczenie #jewelrywithmeaning #symbolicjewelry #biuteriamaznaczenie #slowfashion #biuteriaautorska #buyartwork #modernjewelry #polskamarka #polskamoda #craftjewelry #naturalaesthetics #naturalandsimple #minimalisticjewelry #minimaljewelry #natureinspiredjewelry, Cudny piercionek zarczynowy zmagicznym szafirem wodcieniu zieleni morskiej, osadzonym nanieregularnej zotej obrczce. editorial process The electrons then enter the electron transport chain, a series of reactions that ultimately drives the phosphorylation of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to the energy-rich storage compound ATP. The labels on the right show where the various reactions take place. To combat this problem, Cyanobacteria have a light-harvesting complex called Phycobilisome. Photosynthesis is to chloroplast as cellular respiration is to? To do this, the chloroplasts will combine units of carbon dioxide into chains of 6 carbons, 12 hydrogens, and 6 oxygens. Cellular respiration has 4 distinct processes, which drive the creation of ATP. The team explored if chloroplast size manipulation can be a viable approach to improving photosynthetic performance by combining a broad range of techniques from confocal microscopy to field tests. Cellular respiration is the process of oxidation offood molecules, like glucose, to carbon dioxide and water with the release of energy in the form of ATP. True or False, A hamster's teeth never stop growing. Nam risus ante, dapibus a molestie consequ

sectetur adipis

1. sectetur adipiscing elit. Imagine that you had a disagreement with your colleague about how you would present the results of this analysis. A chloroplast is a type of plastid (a saclike organelle with a double membrane) that containschlorophyll to absorb light energy. Animals must rely on the sugars that theyve gathered from plants to supply their mitochondria material to produce ATP. Cellular respiration involves the breakdown of glucose and the storage of the energy received into the molecule ATP. ATP and NADPH are used in the light-independent reactions (dark reactions) of photosynthesis, in which carbon dioxide and water are assimilated into organic compounds. Plastids assist in storing Animals, and indeed the entire food-chain, relies on the glucose produced by plants. WebPhotosynthesis is to (blank) as cellular respiration is to mitochondria Chloroplast Light dependent reactions supply the calvin cycle with (blank) and ATP NADPH Cellular Others are able to photosynthesize, like primitive single-celled plants. Hence, photosynthesis is to chloroplasts as cellular respiration is to mitochondria, which is in Option A, as the mitochondria are the organelles that take part in ", Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, "World Consumption of Primary Energy by Energy Type and Selected Country Groups, 19802004", "Primary production of the biosphere: integrating terrestrial and oceanic components", "A proposal to rethink agriculture in the climate calculations", "Chapter 2: The Basic Photosynthetic Process", "Arsenic(III) fuels anoxygenic photosynthesis in hot spring biofilms from Mono Lake, California", "Scientists discover unique microbe in California's largest lake", "Development of the bacterial photosynthetic apparatus", "Atomic-level structural and functional model of a bacterial photosynthetic membrane vesicle", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, "Molecular mechanism of SRP-dependent light-harvesting protein transport to the thylakoid membrane in plants", "Structural changes in the Mn4Ca cluster and the mechanism of photosynthetic water splitting", "Phenotypic landscape inference reveals multiple evolutionary paths to C4 photosynthesis", "C 2 photosynthesis: a promising route towards crop improvement? These are the light-dependent 'photochemical' temperature-independent stage, and the light-independent, temperature-dependent stage. Glyco- refers to glucose, where -lysis refers to something being divided or split in half. "There are many reasons why the size of chloroplasts might affect photosynthetic efficiency," said RIPE Director Stephen Long, Director of the Realizing Increased Photosynthetic Efficiency (RIPE) Project and Ikenberry Endowed University Chair of Crop Sciences and Plant Biology at Illinois' Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology. The hydrogens, electrons, and associated energy are bound to ADP and NADP+. (2002) Temperature response of nesophyll conductance. WebIn cellular respiration, oxygen is used to break down glucose, releasing chemical energy and heat in the process. . Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Cudo wminimalistycznej, nieregularnej formie Naostatnim zdjciu Pan Dominik ijego ukochana, ktrazostaa nim obdarowana Gratulacje, MOKAVE They first put the chloroplast change into a model plant to get results quicker, before moving on to more complex food crops. Get weekly and/or daily updates delivered to your inbox. As carbon dioxide concentrations rise, the rate at which sugars are made by the light-independent reactions increases until limited by other factors. Szybki kontakt z administratorem: kontakt@mokave.pl. There are innumerous other examples. Instead of digesting them, they created a safe space for them and helped them produce more energy. Some of the largest animals in the world, such as the elephant, are entirely herbivorous. Pellentesque dapibus efficitur laoreet. Photosynthesis, Chloroplast | Learn Science at Scitable - Nature Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Medical research advances and health news, The latest engineering, electronics and technology advances, The most comprehensive sci-tech news coverage on the web. At constant high irradiance, the rate of carbon assimilation increases as the temperature is increased. W poykajccy wasny ogon, czyli Uroboros symbol wiecznoci iboskiej samowystarczalnoci. Dane s lub mog by przetwarzane w celach oraz na podstawach wskazanych szczegowo w polityce prywatnoci. Can you guys please solve this for me ASAP???? Light energy is absorbed by the leaves' chlorophyll and used to reduce carbon dioxide to carbohydrate, and in turn feed all of the organic constituents of the plant. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Researchers create 3D images of C4 plant cellular components, The impact of ocean alkalinity enhancement on marine biota offers hope for carbon dioxide removal, Slowing down ships in vulnerable areas could reduce negative impact on marine life, Researchers detect 14 new active galactic nuclei, A new theory to explain fast radio bursts, 56 million-year-old Eocene global warming may indicate a wetter future, Science X Daily and the Weekly Email Newsletter are free features that allow you to receive your favorite sci-tech news updates in your email inbox. WebCellular Respiration: Respiration is the general process by which organisms oxidize organic molecules (e.g., sugars) and derive energy (ATP) from the molecular bonds that are broken. provides the platform for most chemical processes, controlled by enzymes. and Terms of Use. You must have all parts and they must be correct! WebPhotosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts found within cells. nadchodzi Sezon Soca Przesilenie letnie, gorce wieczory, wakacyjne wyjazdy Czas jakby wolniejszy, przyjemniejszy, spokojniejszy. Suppose the country is producing 30 units of capital goods. ", "The CoRR hypothesis for genes in organelles", "The endosymbiotic origin, diversification and fate of plastids", "The evolutionary diversification of cyanobacteria: molecular-phylogenetic and paleontological perspectives", "A paradigm of fragile Earth in Priestley's bell jar", "Bicentenary homage to Dr Jan Ingen-Housz, MD (1730-1799), pioneer of photosynthesis research", "ber die Beziehungen zwischen Phosphathaushalt und Photosynthese. The entire process of photosynthesis can be seen below. Their work was recently published in New Phytologist. This DNA is replicated separately from the main DNA found within the nucleus. Thus, as the site of photosynthesis is chloroplast, the main site of cellular Click the card to C. All the birds in a meadow are killed by hunters. Chloroplasts are distinguished from other types of plastids by their green colour, which results from the presence of two pigments, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b. The Making of the National Movement : 1870s - 1947, Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution, Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables, Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no In doing so, they store energy in the bond between these molecules, and create an ATP. Pellentesque dapibus

   

   sectetur a

   

   sectetur a

   

   sectetur

   sectetur adipiscing elit. A function of those pigments is to absorb light energy for the process of photosynthesis. WebPhotosynthesis is to chloroplasts as cellular respiration is to ________________________. A) They produce ATP. Together, the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration allow life on Earth to gather energy for use in other reactions. Grana are connected by stromal lamellae, extensions that run from one granum, through the stroma, into a neighbouring granum. Nam lacinia pulvinar tortor nec facilisis. Phosphoglycolate is quickly metabolized to glycolate that is toxic to a plant at a high concentration; it inhibits photosynthesis. But, there are herbivores of every size, all the way down to grasshoppers and tiny insects. Problem 24-38 (LO. Fusce dui lectus, congue vel laoreet ac, dictum vitae odio. As a review, define the terms autotroph and heterotroph. Ecology is also the study of how various organisms interact with each other while carrying out these reactions. WebMost studied answer chloroplasts. In most higher plants, the thylakoids are arranged in tight stacks called grana (singular granum). Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Your email address is used only to let the recipient know who sent the email. ul. Mollusc/algal chloroplast symbiosis", "Horizontal gene transfer of the algal nuclear gene psbO to the photosynthetic sea slug Elysia chlorotica", "The origin and establishment of the plastid in algae and plants", "Genomics and chloroplast evolution: what did cyanobacteria do for plants? WebPhotosynthesis and cellular respiration are two essential processes that occur in cells. A. Bacteria, the simplest organisms, likely represent a fairly unchanged version of the first form of life. In mathmatica make a Do loop that sums the integers from 1 to 100. New Phytologist, Provided by [97], The process of photosynthesis provides the main input of free energy into the biosphere, and is one of four main ways in which radiation is important for plant life.[98]. The four main are:[96], Total photosynthesis is limited by a range of environmental factors. The larger bacteria became eukaryotes, and developed other organelles. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. By using our site, you acknowledge that you have read and understand our Privacy Policy Rubisco catalyzes the first step of carbon fixation in the Calvin cycle (also called Calvin-Benson cycle), the primary pathway of carbon transport in plants. Acetyl CoA is also able to transfer into the mitochondria, where the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation will take place. WebWhat does ATP do? Omissions? Use this form if you have come across a typo, inaccuracy or would like to send an edit request for the content on this page. Chloroplasts are present in the cells of all green tissues of plants and algae. Implications for the determination of Rubisco enzyme kinetics and for limitations to photosynthesis, "Theoretical reconsiderations when estimating the mesophyll conductanceto CO, "Assessment of wavelength-dependent parameters of photosynthetic electron transport with a new type of multi-color PAM chlorophyll fluorometer", "Quantum Biology: Better living through quantum mechanics", "Photosynthesis got a really early start", "Early Archean origin of heterodimeric Photosystem I", "Photosynthesis Originated A Billion Years Earlier Than We Thought, Study Shows", "Solar-powered sea slugs. Chloroplasts are the organelles within the cells of the leaf A group of RIPE researchers have found, for the first time, that chloroplast size manipulations are unlikely to be an option for increasing crop photosynthetic efficiency. chloroplast, structure within the cells of plants and green algae that is the site of photosynthesis, the process by which light energy is converted to chemical energy, resulting in the production of oxygen and energy-rich organic compounds. Only one uses sunlight B. Besides the organisms that rely on sulfur near hydrothermal vents, the majority of life on Earth relies on the sugar glucose. This is glucose, which can then be modified and combined with other glucose molecules to be stored as starches and complex sugars like fructose. Photosynthesis is to chloroplasts as cellular respiration is to ______. Pellentesque dapibus efficitur laoreet. RuBisCO, the enzyme that captures carbon dioxide in the light-independent reactions, has a binding affinity for both carbon dioxide and oxygen. This molecule will be an essential part of the Krebs cycle. A chloroplast is a type of plant cell organelle known as a plastid. Autotroph: An organism that obtains organic food molecules without eating other organisms or substances derived from other organisms. They form by far the largest biomass on Earth, limited only by the amount of sunlight, nutrients, and water they receive. This theory is backed by the evidence that both chloroplasts and mitochondria are surrounded in double membranes, a supposed remnant of the ancestral engulfing process. Which of the following statement can be related to mitochondria? 3. "Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis. Fusce dui lectus, congue vel laoreet a

sectetur adipiscing e

1. sectetur adipiscing elit. Nam lacinia pul

sectetur adipiscing elit. Cyanobacteria, which reside several meters underwater, cannot receive the correct wavelengths required to cause photoinduced charge separation in conventional photosynthetic pigments. Mokave tobiuteria rcznie robiona, biuteria artystyczna. Surowe iorganiczne formy naszej biuterii kryj wsobie znaczenia, ktre pomog Cimanifestowa Twoj unikaln energi iwewntrzn si. A chloroplast is an organelle within thecellsofplantsandcertain algaethat is the site ofphotosynthesis, which is the process by which energy from the Sun is converted into chemical energy for growth. Chlorophyll occurs in several distinct forms. However, if the carbon dioxide concentration is low, RuBisCO will bind oxygen instead of carbon dioxide. Bacteria have no organelles, and complete all the reactions they need for metabolism within a single compartment. s1 indicating the suppression of photorespiration in C3 plants. Sh Unlock every step-by-step explanation, download literature note PDFs, plus more. Other pigments, such as carotenoids, are also present in chloroplasts and serve as accessory pigments, trapping solar energy and passing it to chlorophyll. Mam prawo dostpu do treci swoich danych i ich sprostowania, usunicia, ograniczenia przetwarzania, oraz prawo do przenoszenia danych na zasadach zawartych w polityce prywatnoci sklepu internetowego. Tworzymy klasyczne projekty zezota ioryginalne wzory zmateriaw alternatywnych. 3 View this set Other answers from study sets Unlike most other organelles, chloroplasts and mitochondria have small circular chromosomes known as extranuclear DNA. Notice that the addition of one carbon dioxide in one turn of the reaction produces the 3-carbon molecule 3-phoshphoglycerate. Sienkiewicza 82/84 Electron transport also results in the production of the reducing agent nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH). Thank you=), Where do wild hamsters like to sleep? Nam risus ante, dapibus a mol,

sectetu

secte

sectetur adipiscing elit. Nam lacinia pulvinar tortor nec facilisis. The complex structure of the heme interacts with the photons of light passing through them. Which of the following things would be MOST devastating to an ecosystem? provide structural and mechanical support, protect cells against pathogens, maintain and determine cell shape, control the rate and direction of growth, and generally provide the form to the plant. Glycolysis happens within the cytosol of the cell, outside of the mitochondria. I. Phosphatspiegelschwankungen bei Chlorella pyrenoidosa als Folge des Licht-Dunkel-Wechsels", "Photosynthesis under field conditions. This document is subject to copyright. mitochondria. C4 photosynthesis attempts to minimize the loss of carbon dioxide to photorespiration. Photosynthesis takes place inside plant cells in small things calledchloroplasts. Learn about the structure of chloroplast and its role in photosynthesis, Pop Quiz: 13 Things to Know About Photosynthesis, Dissect a chloroplast and identify its stroma, thylakoids, and chlorophyll-packed grana. According to Endosymbiotic theory, these ancient bacteria began interacting and the processes of evolution drove them into different niches within the environment. Through photosynthesis, energy from the sun is captured in the bonds of organic molecules. Instead of iron, these heme cells bind magnesium. When the concentration of carbon dioxide is high, RuBisCO will fix carbon dioxide. Mam prawo cofnicia zgody w dowolnym momencie bez wpywu na zgodno z prawem przetwarzania, ktrego dokonano na podstawie zgody przed jej cofniciem. This is where the process of cellular respiration takes over. (2018, August 15). Pellentesque dapibus efficitur laoreet. WebChloroplasts: Chloroplasts are the organelles responsible for carrying out photosynthesis in plant cells and some algae. Please select the most appropriate category to facilitate processing of your request. Ibdziemy chceli tozWami celebrowa #mokavejewelry #mokavegirl #mokavebizuteria #mokave #mamznaczenie, "Wnaturze nic niejest idealne iwszystko jest idealne" (Alice Walker), "Biuteria inspirowana natur ijej surowym piknem" - tounas wpeni autentyczne stwierdzenie. Procedures and sources of error", "R., Nakano H., von Caemmerer S., and Long S.P. Nam lacinia pulvinar tortor nec facilisis. Biologydictionary.net, August 15, 2018. https://biologydictionary.net/cellular-respiration-and-photosynthesis/. "Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis." A. on the mountain peaks A new carboxylation reaction and the pathway of sugar formation", "Photosynthesis: basics, history and modelling", "Photosystem II: evolutionary perspectives", A collection of photosynthesis pages for all levels from a renowned expert (Govindjee), In depth, advanced treatment of photosynthesis, also from Govindjee, Metabolism, Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis The Virtual Library of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Overall examination of Photosynthesis at an intermediate level, The source of oxygen produced by photosynthesis, "First practical artificial leaf makes debut", Photosynthesis Light Dependent & Light Independent Stages, International Association for Plant Taxonomy, Latitudinal gradients in species diversity, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Photosynthesis&oldid=1162147128, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Articles with dead external links from July 2020, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles with dead external links from January 2018, Wikipedia pages semi-protected against vandalism, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2023, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2008, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from September 2018, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0, Energy transfer in antenna chlorophyll (thylakoid membranes), Transfer of electrons in photochemical reactions (thylakoid membranes), Electron transport chain and ATP synthesis (thylakoid membranes), Carbon fixation and export of stable products.