what are the 5 autonomous regions of china

Summary of H.R.4039 - 118th Congress (2023-2024): To prohibit the use of funds supporting any activities within the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. Some districts are also placed at half a level higher that what it should be. But according to Chinese law, autonomous regions have the right to formulate self-government regulationsin light of the particular political, economic and cultural conditions of the ethnic group in that autonomous area. The distinction may seem marginalmany people assume that Xinjiang and Tibet are provinces like any otherbut the supposed provisions of heightened autonomy are part of the Communist Partys narrative that it is a protector rather than an oppressor of ethnic minorities. Tibets sovereignty continues to be debated, and there have been calls for complete autonomy. Eventually the nomenclature was standardized to the conventions used today. Autonomous regions, prefectures, counties, and banners are covered under Section 6 of Chapter 3 (Articles 111122) of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, and with more detail under the Law of the People's Republic of China on Regional National Autonomy (). Five autonomous regions: inner Mongolia Autonomous region, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous region, Tibet Autonomous region, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region and Ningxia Hui Autonomous region. In order to further analyze the sustainable development level of the autonomous regions, it is compared with the In China, the opposite appears true: ethnic minorities make up 8% of the population, but 15% of the delegates to the NPC. WebDiscussing China's Autonomous Regions, from Xinjiang to Inner Mongolia, in broad strokes. It is Chinas largest "[1] An Burwell, Patricia. A future fight against China will likely involve a network of bases spread out Five cities formally on prefectural level have a special status in regard to planning and budget. The Peoples Bank of China on Tuesday trimmed its one-year loan prime rate (LPR) by 10 basis points from 3.65% to 3.55%, and reduced the five-year rate by the same margin to 4.2%. Summary of H.R.4039 - 118th Congress (2023-2024): To prohibit the use of funds supporting any activities within the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. The largest city in the region,however, is Baotou. (1984). After the fall of the Qing dynasty, the ROC was established in China in 1912. Di zhi ke xue yan jiu suo. This confusion began in 1949 after the Chinese Civil War. Autonomous areas are defined as territories granted a degree of self-governance from an external authority. "[1] An autonomous region is the highest level of minority autonomous entity in China, which has a comparably higher population of a particular minority ethnic group. Xinjiang is more ethnically diverse, with the titular Uyghurs making up a plurality at 46%, Han making up 39%, and various other ethnic groups making up the remaining 15% as of 2015. All rights reserved. Despite important nuances within some regions (see sidebar Key differences among regions), three tenets of successful online programs emerged: The basics still For example, Shanghai is the largest city in China by population in the urban area but is smaller than Chongqing by the population within the administration area.[9]. It is located in the southwestern part of the country and covers an area of 474,300 square miles (1,228,400 sq km). Located in Northwest China, Ningxia is one of the five ethnic minority autonomous regions in China with the full name Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. Taiwan is an island known as Republic of China (Taiwan). 5G could play a big role in streamlining logistics issues through AI and virtual reality. "China's Autonomous Regions." California: Do Not Sell My Personal Information. WebStudy with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Who is the third party in the Kashmir dispute between India and Pakistan? China's five autonomous regions are the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the Tibet Autonomous Region, the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region (East Turkestan), and the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. Like Chinese provinces, an autonomous region has its own local government, but under Chinese law, an autonomous region has more legislative rights, such as the right to "formulate self-government regulations and other separate regulations. The Mongol-established Yuan dynasty introduced the modern precursors to provinces, bringing the number of levels to four. Xinjiang makes up more than one-sixth of China's territory and it is divided by the Tian Shan mountain range which creates the Dzungarian and Tarim basins. China is the third largest country in the world at almost 9.6 million square kilometers (over 3.7 million square miles). After the Central government, provinces make up the first level of political divisions. Five autonomous regions are the equivalent of provinces: Guangxi, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Tibet, and Xinjiang. Ningxia is mainly a desert region and as such, it is largely unsettled or developed. People tend to be identified in terms of their native provinces, and each province has a stereotype that corresponds to their inhabitants. Perceptions of global economic power. (1986), by China (Republic : 1949- ). But as well as 22 provinces, and, in Hong Kong and Macau, two special administrative regions, China has five autonomous regions and four municipalities (Beijing, Chongqing, Shanghai and Tianjin). Village Committees, History: before 1912, 191249, 1949present. Three men were convicted in Brooklyn federal court on Tuesday of stalking a family in the New Jersey suburbs on behalf of the Here, the mayor holds the highest rank. Ningxia is also located over 700 miles (1,126 km) from the ocean and the Great Wall of China runs along its northeastern boundaries. As of June 2020, there were 339 prefectural level divisions: As of August 18, 2015, there were 2,852 county-level divisions: The basic level autonomy serves as an organizational division (census, mail system) and does not have much importance in political representative power. https://www.thoughtco.com/chinas-autonomous-regions-1434425 (accessed June 28, 2023). The Constitution of the People's Republic of China provides for three levels: the provincial, the county level, and the township level. District public offices were inserted between counties and townships; once ubiquitous as well, they are currently being abolished and very few remain. ; Association of American Geographers. Xinjiang was made autonomous in 1955 after the PRC's founding, and Guangxi and Ningxia were made autonomous in 1958. The cities included here are Beijing, Chongqing, Shanghai, and Tianjin. (1958), by Great Britain. Examples of sub-prefecture-level cities include Jiyuan (Henan province), Xiantao, Qianjiang and Tianmen (Hubei), Golmud (Qinghai), Manzhouli (Inner Mongolia), Shihanza, Tumushuk, Aral, and Wujiaqu (Xinjiang). This view is especially common in South Korea, Japan, Israel, Poland, India, Hungary and Sweden, where half or more name the U.S. as the top WebLegislative Presidency Executive Military Supervision Judiciary Law enforcement Propaganda Hong Kong Macau Cross-Strait relations Foreign relations Related topics As of 2017[update], China administers 33 provincial-level regions, 334 prefecture-level divisions, 2,862 county-level divisions, 41,034 township-level administrations, and 704,382 basic level autonomies.[1]. However, country-level cities converted from counties are unlikely to belong here. The mayors of these cities have the same rank as a vice governor of a province, and their district governments are half a rank higher than those of normal districts. Guangxi and Ningxia followed in 1958, and the Tibet Autonomous Region was formally established in 1965. Their local government is similar to a province, but unlike provinces, minority languages are often co-official alongside the Chinese language, and some laws are written to meet the needs of the minority groups. People's Republic of China province-level subdivision. From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Political_divisions_of_China&oldid=8277278, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. Tibet has a population of 2,910,000 people (as of 2009) and a population density of 5.7 persons per square mile (2.2 persons per sq km). Xinjiang was made autonomous in 1955 after the PRC's founding, and Guangxi and Ningxia were made autonomous in 1958. The TAR was the Peoples Republic of Chinas fifth and last autonomous region. The island of Taiwan is claimed as a province by the People's Republic of China (PRC), but it is not under their control. Army Map Service. Lands Department. by China (Republic : 1949- ). 5. The Taiwanese government and people do not agree with this, however. These regions are typically based on cultural presence and have a higher population of a certain ethnic group than is represented in other areas of China. Much as votes at the National Peoples Congress (NPC), Chinas rubber-stamp parliament, always contain one or two dissenters to uphold the faade of debate, images of a handful of delegates dressed in traditional ethnic-minority outfits present a diversity in Chinese politics that is unmatched by reality. Divisions designated as autonomous within the People's Republic of China, Major Autonomous areas within Yunnan (excluding, Major Autonomous areas within Guizhou (excluding Hui), Autonomous administrative divisions of China, "Autonomous administrative divisions of China", Learn how and when to remove this template message, Constitution of the People's Republic of China, Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Shuangjiang Lahu, Va, Blang and Dai Autonomous County, Longlin Pan-Ethnicities Autonomous County, Longsheng Pan-Ethnicities Autonomous County, Law of the People's Republic of China on Regional National Autonomy, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Autonomous_administrative_divisions_of_China&oldid=1158393638, Articles needing additional references from July 2007, All articles needing additional references, Articles containing Chinese-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2022, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0. the name or names of the predominant ethnic minority or minorities; This page was last edited on 3 June 2023, at 20:17. Across the 23 countries surveyed, a median of 41% say the U.S. is the worlds leading economic power as opposed to China, Japan or countries in the EU. Mount Everest rises to an elevation of 29,035 feet (8,850 m). Tibetans live in a surveillance state which, although not as severe as Xinjiangs, can result in prison sentences for people who post online about the Dalai Lama. They are proponents of an independent Taiwan. But as well as 22 provinces, and, in Hong Kong and Macau, two special administrative regions, China has five autonomous regions and four municipalities Typically, countries grant autonomy because the area in question is geographically distinct from the rest of the country or is mainly populated by a national minority. Rumours of an impending major reform have also spread through various online bulletin boards.[10]. The Dalai Lama, Tibets spiritual leader, fled into exile. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. WebRT @ChinaDaily: #Afghanistan is willing to replicate the development of China's #Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region and improve people's living standards, a forum heard, while This level of autonomy grants Tibet more legislative rights, but it doesnt maintain separate systems the way Hong Kong and Macau do. This was also the system officially adopted by the People's Republic of China in 1949, which defined the administrative divisions of China as three levels: provinces, counties, and townships. Autonomous regions, prefectures, counties, and banners were established after communist takeover, following Soviet practice. Taiwan is claimed by both PRC and itself, officially known as the Republic of China (ROC). WebXinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is the largest Chinese administrative division and spans over 1.6 million km2 (or 16% of China's total land area). Directorate of Overseas Surveys. by Hong Kong. Copyright The Economist Newspaper Limited 2023. While most of these subdivisions are provinces, there are five autonomous regions and two special administrative regions. Population in China in 2021, by region. Sub-prefecture-level cities are often not put into any prefecture (i.e. Since then, most of the prefectures were converted into prefecture-level cities. They do not, however, work under provincial rule. (1969). She holds a Certificate of Advanced Study in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) from California State University. Municipalities are considered the first level of government after the Central government, equal to their Province counterparts. Webnone (special administrative region of the People's Republic of China) Hungary. The actual practical power of the provinces has created what some economists call "federalism with Chinese characteristics". they are directly administered by their province). WebEthnic autonomous areas are classified into autonomous regions, autonomous prefectures and autonomous counties. It was previously part of Guangdong Province. Amanda Briney, M.A., is a professional geographer. Established in 1947, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region became the first autonomous region in the Chinese liberated zone. * The island of Taiwan is claimed as a province by the People's Republic of China (PRC), but it is not under their control. Started from Jiangxi province in 1935, prefectures were later inserted between provinces and counties. These cities specifically designated in the state plan (Chinese: ) are, In terms of budget authority, their governments have the de facto status of a province, but their legislative organs (National People's Congress and Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference) and other authorities not related to the economy are on the level of a prefecture and under the leadership of the province. They are separately listed in the five-year and annual state plans on the same level as provinces and national ministries, making them economically independent of their provincial government. It was the end of nearly two weeks of demonstrations in Lhasa, Tibets capital, during which protesters demanded Tibetan independence. It even designates more than 100 minority-populated counties and prefectures in other provinces as autonomous. 5. The People's Republic of China (PRC) lays claims to 34 province-level divisions, including 22 provinces, 5 autonomous regions, 4 municipalities, and 2 special administrative regions and 1 claimed province: Provinces are theoretically subservient to the PRC central government, but in practice, provincial officials have large discretion with regard to economic policy. Lands Department. Provinces and autonomous regions are broken into prefectures and sub-provincial cities. French President Emmanuel Macron tells Fareed that Europe must have strategic autonomy apart from the U.S. and China in its approach to global issues like Directorate of Military Survey. During intersession, September 17-25, the Map Collection room is open 1:00-4:00 p.m. To see the most accurate schedule, please visit this link: click here. University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616 | 530-752-1011. It maintains its own economic, political, and social systems separate or different than those of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC) under the One country, two systems principle. Of the five autonomous regions, only Tibet has an absolute majority (>50%) of the designated ethnic group, since Tibetans make up 90% of the population as of 2011. WebRT @PDChina: Enjoy a healing moment: watch this giant panda from Nanning Zoo, south Chinas Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, savor the bamboo with its eyes closed in slo-mo. Hong Kong is one of Chinas two special administrative regions, which is granted the highest degree of autonomy. Crown Lands & Survey Office. The designation of Guangxi and Ningxia as Zhuang and Hui autonomous areas, respectively, was bitterly protested b Call Number: MAP G7890 1998 .H4 + Explanatory Text, by Tibet (China). What are autonomous regions, and how do they differ from other parts of China? In China, an autonomous region is an area that has its own local government and is directly below the federal government. The most recent administrative change have included the elevation of Hainan (1988) and Chongqing (1997) to provincial level status, and the creation of Hong Kong (1997) and Macau (1999) as Special administrative regions. Today, provinces are governed by a provincial committee which is further headed by a secretary who is the first in charge of the province. Di zhi kuang chan ju. Taiwan has an interesting background within the divisions of China and, like Hong Kong and Macau, China offered it a position as a special administrative region in 1981. Geographical Research Centre. Rural areas are organized into village committees or villager groups. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. By its political level, when a "city" is referred to, it can be a: By its actual area and population, it can be: When used in the statistical data, the word "city" may have three different meanings: The choice of definition of "city" used for statistical data of Chinese cities can lead to different results. Like Hong Kong, Macau has the highest degree of autonomy for the fifty years following its reunification. Bing Guan for The New York Times. "Autonomous region" is the common English name for the Chinese zzhq, meaning an area with greater levels of self-government to accommodate minority groups. The Republic of China streamlined the levels to just provinces and counties in 1928 and made the first attempt to extend political administration beyond the county level by establishing townships below counties. Three men were convicted in Brooklyn federal court on Tuesday of stalking a family in the New Jersey suburbs on behalf of the Chinese government. 2 Special Administrative regions: Macao Special Administrative region and Hong Kong Special Administrative region. Inner Mongolia has a total area of 457,000 square miles (1,183,000 sq km) and a population of 23,840,000 (2004 estimate). Many Tibetans view Chinese presence in Tibet as a foreign occupation, while many Chinese view Tibet as a rightful part of China. The Chinese provinces are Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, and Zhejiang. WebChina has 155 ethnic autonomous areas,6 including five autonomous regions,7 thirty autonomous prefectures and 120 autonomous counties (banners). The district public offices is an ongoing reform to remove an extra level of administration from between the county and township levels. Autonomous Areas and Disputed Territories of China. WebThe autonomous regions ( Chinese: ; pinyin: Zzhq) are the highest-level administrative divisions of China. Lian qin zong bu. Because of its large area, China has several different subdivisions of its land. These different types of administrative regions all have top-tier status in China: they each have their own governor or mayor, who is subordinate to the local Communist Party secretary. [2], Autonomous regions in China have no legal right to secede, unlike in the Soviet Union the Law of the People's Republic of China on Regional Ethnic Autonomy, written in 1984, states that "each and every ethnic autonomous region is an inseparable part of the People's Republic of China," and that "any form of separatism is absolutely prohibited."[3][4][5]. Their shortened names are Guangxi, Inner Mongolia, Tibet, Xinjiang, and Ningxia respectively. It was previously part of Sichuan. Jing ji bu. Why an American novel set in Russia was pulled from publication, Why Reddit users are protesting against the sites leadership. The ultimate goal is to reduce the different administration levels from five to three (Provincial level, County level, Village level), reducing the amount of corruption as well as the number of government workers, in order to lower the budget. This incorporation into the mainland has remained a highly charged and controversial issue. The provinces serve an important cultural role in China, as people tend to identify with their native province. Perceptions of global economic power. Before the establishment of the Qin dynasty, China was ruled by a network of kings, nobles, and tribes. All rights reserved. Major changes since then have been the reorganisation of provinces in the northeast after the establishment of the People's Republic of China and the formation of autonomous regions, based on Soviet ethnic policies. Tibet is a province-level autonomous region, known as the Tibet Autonomous Region or the Xizang Autonomous Region. Rural villages and urban communities are sometimes considered as the fifth level, however they are by constitution basic level autonomies and there is no government on this level. WebThe autonomous regions are the highest-level administrative divisions of China. Since the 17th century, provincial boundaries in China have remained largely static. Of the 22 provinces and 5 autonomous regions, only 3 provinces (Yunnan, Guizhou, Qinghai) and 1 autonomous region (Xinjiang) have more than three second-level or prefectural-level divisions that are not prefecture-level cities. Several other rugged mountain ranges including the Karakoram, Pamir, and Altai mountains are also within Xianjiang. Since coming to power in 1949, the Communist Party had also established autonomous regions in Xinjiang (1955), Guangxi (1958) and Ningxia (1958) (Inner Mongolia had been an autonomous region since 1947). Hainan became a separate province in 1988. Since then, two Chinas have existed. Hong Kong is now one of the most important financial centers and trade ports in the world. WebThe autonomous regions ( Chinese: ; pinyin: Zzhq) are one of four types of province-level divisions of China. Buildings and Lands Department. United States. Despite being urban or having urban centers, the SARs are almost never referred to as "Hong Kong City"/"Macau City" in contemporary Chinese and thus are not covered by the description below. It covers a total area of 91,400 square miles (236,700 sq km) and it has a population of 48,670,000 people (2009 estimate). WebChina's five autonomous regions are the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the Tibet Autonomous Region, the Xinjiang Share of ethnic minorities in China's minority autonomous regions 2020. There are also cases where autonomy is written into legislation but has not been applied. However, our hours change around the academic calendar and the holiday season. The constitution states that the head of government of each autonomous areas must be of the ethnic group as specified by the autonomous area (such as Tibetan or Uyghur). 5G could play a big role in streamlining logistics issues through AI and virtual reality. Xinjiang was made autonomous in 1955 after the PRC's founding, and Guangxi and Ningxia were made autonomous in 1958. Zhou, Xiang. Most of Tibet's people are of Tibetan ethnicity. Xinjiang is located in northwestern China and it is the largest of the autonomous regions with an area of 640,930 square miles (1,660,001 sq km). Ranches For the municipality, the sub-provincial city, or the prefecture-level city, a "city" in this sense includes all of the counties, county-level cities, and, Somewhat bizarrely, some districts such as. There are 4 municipalities in the People's Republic of China. However, in practice, there are four levels of government: the provincial, the prefectural level, the county level, and the township level. The constitution of China provides for three levels of government. This article is about the administrative divisions in the People's Republic of China. Taiwan is prohibited from using its official name, The Republic of China, and as such often uses the name Chinese Taipei. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Survey & Mapping Office. Their shortened names are Guangxi, Inner Mongolia, Tibet, Xinjiang, and Ningxia respectively. More than 90% of Chinese people are of the Han ethnicity, but there are 56 officially recognised ethnic groups. These include the main urban area and its surround rural zones. In addition, the head of government of each autonomous region is known as a "chairman", unlike provinces, where they are known as "governors". Provinces are pronounced Shng in Chinese Pinyin. The two special administrative regions are Hong Kong and Macau. Taiwan is an island known as Republic of China (Taiwan). Xinjiang. In 1683, it was annexed by the Qing dynasty but was later ceded to Japan in 1895 after the Sino-Japanese War. WebThe autonomous regions are one of four types of province-level divisions of China. Overview of the autonomous regions of China. Both governments assert themselves as the legitimate authority to Taiwan, and cross-strait relations regarding the political status of Taiwan remains an issue today. There are twenty-three provinces, four municipalities, five autonomous regions and two special administrative regions in the People's Republic of China. [8], Some other large prefecture-level cities, known as sub-provincial cities, are half a level below a province. The autonomous regions are the creations of the People's Republic of China (PRC), as they are not recognized by the Republic of China (ROC) based in Taiwan, which previously ruled mainland China before the PRC's establishment in 1949. Copyright The Regents of the University of California, Davis campus. (1964? Others within Taiwan support this claim and hope to one day see the reunification of Taiwan with China. The autonomous regions of China include Guangxi, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Tibet, and Xinjiang. (1984), Call Number: MAP G7891.C55 1984 .T4 + Explanatory Text. Xinjiang is located in northwestern China and it is the largest of the The governor of any autonomous region comes from the dominant ethnic group, who will supposedly champion its interests (although he is subservient to the local party chief, who will normally be Han). For those of the Republic of China commonly known as Taiwan, see, Class of regions in the People's Republic of China, , Administrative divisions of China (disambiguation), Comprehensively Deepening Reforms Commission, Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, Education, Science, Culture and Public Health, Environment Protection and Resources Conservation, State Council (Central People's Government), State-owned Assets Supervision & Administration Commission, State Administration for Sci., Tech. Taiwans political status has yet to be agreed upon, with China claiming the island as a province and Taiwan claiming the island as separate from the Peoples Republic. Guangxi has a rugged topography that is dominated by several different mountain ranges and large rivers. WebThere are 5 autonomous regions in the People's Republic of China. (2020, August 27). The belief is that unifying Taiwan (whose real name is the Republic of China) with China (or the Peoples Republic of China) would allow the Peoples Republic of China to be the only representative of China. 5. The Han dynasty that came immediately after added zhu (usually translated as "provinces") as the third level on top, forming a three-tier structure. (1972), Call Number: MAP G7941.C5 1972 .G7 + Explanatory Text, by Chinese University of Hong Kong. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. This is the highest level of classification for a city. Chen Quanguo, the party secretary of Xinjiang, was previously posted in Tibet, where he developed some of these heavy-handed security tactics. What is the difference between Chinas autonomous regions and provinces? Each of the levels (except "special administrative regions") corresponds to a level in the Civil Service of the People's Republic of China. The Chinese Communist Partys victory laid the groundwork for the establishment of the Tibetan Autonomous Region (TAR) in 1965. WebCreated by internal statutes Dependent and associated territories with autonomy All sub-national regions are autonomous Other entities called "autonomous" A number of There are 5 autonomous regions in the People's Republic of China. The constitution also guarantees a range of rights including: independence of finance, independence of economic planning, independence of arts, science and culture, organization of local police, and use of local language. The Geography and Modern History of China, Population Density Information and Statistics, Tibet and China: History of a Complex Relationship, M.A., Geography, California State University - East Bay, B.A., English and Geography, California State University - Sacramento. The Chinese word "" (sh) is usually loosely translated into English as "city". The Taiwanese believe that the label Taiwan, China is offensive and that it takes away from the sovereignty of the Republic of China. These regions fall under the rule of the central government though are not located within the Chinese mainland. But these areas, which are supposed to offer greater protections to ethnic minorities, are often better-known for their brutal treatment. The designation of Guangxi and Ningxia as Zhuang and Hui autonomous areas, respectively, was bitterly protested by the local Han Chinese, who made up two-thirds of the population of each region. The ROC government soon learned that it was not feasible for a province to directly govern tens and sometimes hundreds of counties.

Pcos Nutrition Center, Minimum Passport Validity To Enter Canada, Tamarind Drinks Non Alcoholic, Rock Concerts Serbia 2023, 54th And Cedar Ave Philadelphia, Pa, State Journal Obituaries Frankfort, Ky, Black Moblin Locations Tears Of The Kingdom, Rascal Flatts Tour Rescheduled, Rip Curl Baseball Cap, Bruschetta Recipe With Balsamic Glaze,