how long did ww2 last

Best Answer Copy Length of World War 2 World War II began on September 1, 1939 when German forces invaded Poland. The raid so infuriated Hitler that he ordered the Luftwaffe to shift its attacks from RAF sites to London and other cities. When war broke out the Polish Army was able to mobilize about 1,000,000 men, a fairly large number. On November 14, 1940, a German force of more than 500 bombers destroyed much of the old city centre and killed more than 550 people. For two hours, 348 German bombers and 617 fighters targeted the city, dropping high-explosive bombs as well as incendiary devices. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. With the surrender of France in June 1940, Germanys sole remaining enemy lay across the English Channel. On May 11, 1941, Hitler called off the Blitz as he shifted his forces eastward against the Soviet Union. But Japan was especially enraged when the United States froze Japanese assets and set up an oil embargo in mid-1941. According to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, the Nazis and their collaborators killed six million Jews or nearly two-thirds of the Jewish people who were living in Europe at the time. How important was this epic victory? Authorities quickly implemented plans to protect Londoners from bombs and to house those left homeless by the attacks. Adolf Hitlers invasion of Poland in September 1939 drove Great Britain and France to declare war on Germany, marking the beginning of World War II. Pop Quiz: 17 Things to Know About World War II, Forces and resources of the European combatants, 1939, The Baltic states and the Russo-Finnish War, 193940, The war in the west, September 1939June 1940, The invasion of the Low Countries and France, Italys entry into the war and the French Armistice, The Atlantic and the Mediterranean, 194041, Pearl Harbor and the Japanese expansion, to July 1942, Developments from autumn 1941 to spring 1942, Allied strategy and controversies, 194042, The Germans summer offensive in southern Russia, 1942, The Solomons, Papua, Madagascar, the Aleutians, and Burma, July 1942May 1943, Montgomerys Battle of el-Alamein and Rommels retreat, 194243, Stalingrad and the German retreat, summer 1942February 1943, The invasion of northwest Africa, NovemberDecember 1942, The Atlantic, the Mediterranean, and the North Sea, 194245, The Eastern Front, FebruarySeptember 1943, The Southwest and South Pacific, JuneOctober 1943, The Allied landings in Europe and the defeat of the Axis powers, Developments from autumn 1943 to summer 1944, Sicily and the fall of Mussolini, JulyAugust 1943, The Allies invasion of Italy and the Italian volte-face, 1943, The western Allies and Stalin: Cairo and Tehrn, 1943, The Eastern Front, October 1943April 1944, The war in the Pacific, October 1943August 1944, The Burmese frontier and China, November 1943summer 1944, Developments from summer 1944 to autumn 1945, The Allied invasions of western Europe, JuneNovember 1944, Allied policy and strategy: Octagon (Quebec II) and Moscow, 1944, The Philippines and Borneo, from September 1944, The German offensive in the west, winter 194445, The Soviet advance to the Oder, JanuaryFebruary 1945, The end of the Japanese war, FebruarySeptember 1945. This campaign illustrated the powerful synergy of American joint operations. By Jeremy Noakes. The national government also provided funds to local municipalities to construct public air-raid shelters. Although more symbolic than anything, it showed the Japanese that the United States was in the fight. Prelude to war Liberation of concentration camps, such as Auschwitz, made the extent of the Holocaust clearer to the Allies. The Soviets continued expelling Germans from their territory, and the Battle of Kursk was key. No significant cut was made in necessary social services, and public and private premises, except when irreparably damaged, were repaired as speedily as possible. The House of Commons, Westminster Abbey, and the British Museum were severely damaged, and The Temple was almost completely destroyed. All Rights Reserved. Keystone/Getty ImagesThree of the main Allied leaders, the British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, the U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt, and the Soviet Unions dictator Joseph Stalin at the Yalta Conference in February 1945. By mid-September 1940 the RAF had won the Battle of Britain, and the invasion was postponed indefinitely. Here is a timeline of major events during the war. workers. A charitable relief fund for the people of London was opened September 10. Holocaust Encyclopedia. The fighting that took place at the beginning of 1945 was the fiercest engagement experienced during the Pacific war for both sides. In the Pacific, Japan gained more territory in China, but its success was limited by the Communist troops there. June 6, 1944: An Allied force of more than 150,000 troops, 5,000 ships and 800 aircraft assault 50 miles of northern France's Normandy coastline. The Battle of Midway tested intelligence and combat capabilities on both sides while decidedly altering the outcome of World War II. Churchill said that there was never a victory before it and never a defeat after it. September 1st 1939 When did WW2 end? On that historic day, U.S. Gen. Douglas MacArthur accepted Japans unconditional surrender aboard the U.S.S. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like How long did WW2 last?, What is appeasement?, When did Hitler invade Poland? 1 Invasion 1.1 Faroe Islands 1.2 Iceland 1.3 Greenland 2 Protectorate Government 1940-43 2.1 Free Corps Denmark 2.2 Anti-Comintern pact 2.3 Telegram crisis 3 Increasing resistance 4 Economy 4.1 Post-war currency reform 5 Hardship and the end of the war 6 German refugees 7 Legacy 8 See also 9 Notes 10 References 10.1 in Danish 11 Further reading United States. Poland was a country all too well suited for such a demonstration. Please consider upgrading your browser software or enabling style sheets (CSS) if you are able to do so. Labour's landslide in the 1945 general election remains one of the greatest shocks in British political history. Lead Image: Credit US Navy Photo NH 50930. The Polish armies were splitting up into uncoordinated fragments, some of which were retreating while others were delivering disjointed attacks on the nearest German columns. By 1939, the Fhrer had already annexed the largely German-speaking Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia, after the British believing it would appease him and avert a future conflict agreed to let him do so. Hundreds of incendiary and many high-explosive bombs were dropped, doing little material damage but causing many casualties. ThoughtCo, Apr. At the same time, nearly another one-third of Polands forces were massed in reserve in the north-central part of the country, between d and Warsaw, under the commander in chief, Marshal Edward Rydz-migy. In May 2011, the National Personnel Records Center (NPRC) completed construction of its new facility in St. Louis, Mo. The Second World War was the deadliest and most destructive global conflict in history, claiming the lives of more than 50 million people. After a brief lull, the Luftwaffe returned in force on February 17. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum/Belarusian State Archive of Documentary Film and Photography via Wikimedia Commons. The rows were explosive, the challenges enormous, but he led Britain through the war with unique assurance. The Warsaw garrison held out against the Germans until September 28, undergoing terror-bombings and artillery barrages that reduced parts of the city to rubble, with no regard for the civilian population. June 10: Italy declares war on France and Great Britain. American-led intervention in Iraq (2014-2021) 2014 - 2021. Their Chain Home early warning radar, the most advanced system in the world, gave Fighter Command adequate notice of where and when to direct their forces, and the Luftwaffe never made a concerted effort to neutralize it. answered After D-Day, how long did World War II last? Gring had insisted that such an attack was an impossibility, because of the citys formidable air defense network. The mass relocation, called Operation Pied Piper, was the largest internal migration in British history. This, and the economic downturn of the 1930s, paved the way for the rise of Adolf Hitler who often blamed Jews for Germanys problems. St. Giles, Cripplegate, and St. Mary Wolnooth, also in the city, were damaged, while the Dutch church in Austin Friars, dating from the 14th century and covering a larger area than any church in the city of London, St. Pauls alone excepted, was totally destroyed. On September 1, 1939, the German attack began. Adolf Hitler started the war in 1939 when his German forces invaded Poland. 1939 For most of the war, the country was a protectorate and then an occupied territory of Germany.The decision to occupy Denmark was taken in Berlin on 17 December 1939. Iwo Jima is a volcanic island of eight square miles with no harbors. People hung black curtains in their windows so that no lights showed outside their houses. H.S. Later that year, US President Harry S. Truman announced Japan's surrender and the end of World . During the Battle of Buna, two soldiers of the 32nd Infantry Division went above and beyond the call of duty. But Bletchley codebreakers and long-range aircraft inflicted a serious toll on the U-boats, pretty much ending the Battle of the Atlantic. 27 Facts That Reveal The Total Devastation Of World War II. "Timeline of World War II From 1939 to 1945." The fighting lasted until June 22 and at the conclusion of the battle casualties were high on both sides. The Luftwaffe had lost more than 600 aircraft, and, although the RAF had lost fewer than half that many, the battle was claiming British fighters and experienced pilots at too great a rate. Updates? By Professor Richard Holmes. Over the next six years, the conflict took more lives and destroyed more land and property around the globe than any previous war. In just over six weeks, German armed forces overran Belgium and the Netherlands, drove the British Expeditionary Force from the Continent, captured Paris, and forced the surrender of the French government. June 17. They figured that doing so would wipe out the U.S. Pacific Fleet, clearing the way for Japanese imperial expansion. World War II officially started on September 1, 1939. Dan Olmsted served asa Research Historian in the Institute for the Study of War and Democracy. Raids between February and May pounded Plymouth, Portsmouth, Bristol, Newcastle upon Tyne, and Hull in England; Swansea in Wales; Belfast in Northern Ireland; and Clydeside in Scotland. Troops May Be Pushed Back Beyond 2011", "Nato chief Rasmussen 'proud' as Libya mission ends", "Our Longest U.S. War: Medical Treatments for Gulf War Illness Remain Elusive | Swords to Plowshares", "A Kosovo Chronology | War In Europe | FRONTLINE | PBS", Files link Arkansans to role in Bay of Pigs: Kennedy, aides discuss it in 1963 tapes, "U.S. involved in Iraq war longer than it was in World War II", "Name of Technical Sergeant Richard B. Fitzgibbon to be added to the Vietnam Veterans Memorial", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_the_lengths_of_United_States_participation_in_wars&oldid=1157886283, This page was last edited on 31 May 2023, at 16:06. Hitlers intention had been to break the morale of the British people so they would pressure their government to surrender. and more. The Holocaust was the systematic mass murder and persecution of European Jews, a policy plotted and enforced by the Nazis and their allies. Volunteers came from a variety of sources. Western Poland had become a huge salient that lay between Germanys jaws. Most Americans were of the opinion that the war would last for well over a year. (33)The term "Persian Gulf War" means the period beginning on August 2, 1990, and ending on the date thereafter prescribed by Presidential proclamation or by law. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Another defensive measure employed by the British was barrage balloonslarge oval-shaped unmanned balloons with stabilizing tail finsinstalled in and around major target areas. Scheduled maintenance: Saturday, December 10 from 10PM to 11PM PST Although the exact number is difficult to calculate, its been estimated that over 400,000 Americans died in World War II. Find out more about how the BBC is covering the. Battle of the Atlantic: September 3, 1939 to May 8, 1945 World War II's longest continuous campaign takes place, with the Allies striking a naval blockade against Germany and igniting a struggle. When Was World War II? Officially beginning on September 1, 1939, when Germany invaded Poland, World War II lasted until both the Germans and the Japanese had surrendered to the Allies in 1945. World War II Military Records. At the time of the invasion, Okinawa had a population of 500,000. Light divisions on Reichenaus right were on the Vistula between Warsaw and Sandomierz by September 9, while List, in the south, was on the San above and below Przemyl. The struggle for Guadalcanal lasted for nearly eight months and combined sea, land, and air forces in a joint effort for the first time in history. The Germans expanded the Blitz to other cities in November 1940. USS Arizona during the Japanese surprise air attack on the American pacific fleet, 7 December 1941. August 23: Germany and the Soviet Union sign the Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact. By Robert T Foley. headquarters, Toynbee hall and St. Dunstans; the American, Spanish, Japanese and Peruvian embassies and the buildings of the Times newspaper, the Associated Press of America, and the National City bank of New York; the centre court at Wimbledon, Wembley stadium, the Ring (Blackfriars); Drury Lane, the Queens and the Saville theatres; Rotten row, Lambeth walk, the Burlington arcade and Madame Tussauds. The attack on Coventry was particularly destructive. Guided by Davies, the people of the shelter created an ad hoc government and established a set of rules. The most heavily bombed cities outside London were Liverpool and Birmingham. Although there were some comparatively slight raids later in 1941, the most notable one on July 27, the May 1011 attack marked the conclusion of the Blitz. The Royal Air Force undertook nighttime raids in Germany in response. . World War II ended with the surrender of Japan. This article contains the length and list of major conflicts, invasions and wars participated by the United States Armed Forces since its creation in 1775. Over 100,000 Filipino civilians were killed. The Soviet Union, meanwhile, took part of Romania and installed Communists in the Baltic States, later annexing them. (Note: Ongoing wars are indicated in bold and with red bars. Over the course of three days, some 1.5 million civiliansthe overwhelming majority of them childrenwere transported from urban centres to rural areas that were believed to be safe. A number of historical factors led to World War II. It would have been wiser for the Polish Army to assemble farther back, behind the natural defense line formed by the Vistula and San rivers, but that would have entailed the abandonment of some of the most valuable western parts of the country, including the Silesian coalfields and most of the main industrial zone, which lay west of the river barrier. On April 16 an attack even fiercer and more indiscriminate than those of the previous autumn started at 9:00 pm and continued until 5:00 the following morning; 500 aircraft were believed to have flown over in continuous waves, raining an estimated 450 tons of bombs across the city. When the Blitz began, the government enforced a blackout in an attempt to make targeting more difficult for German night bombers. The raids hurt Britains war production, but they also killed many civilians and left many others homeless. World War II (WWII) was a long and bloody war that lasted about six years. Elsewhere in the skies over Britain, Nazi official Rudolph Hess chose that same evening to parachute into Scotland on a quixotic and wholly unauthorized peace mission. He started at the Museum in 2014 an Jenny Craig Institute for the Study of War and Democracy, Madlyn and Paul Hilliard Research Library. For eight months the Luftwaffe dropped bombs on London and other strategic cities across Britain. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. The nights of November 3 and 28 were the only occasions during this period in which Londons peace was unbroken by siren or bomb. Battle of Taiyuan - Sept. 1, 1937-Nov. 9, 1937: This was a major battle fought between Japan and mostly Chinese nationalist forces (remember: China was in the midst of a civil war between communists and nationalists before Japan decided to crash the party). The A.R.P. World War Two: Summary Outline of Key Events, Countdown to World War Two: Monday 28 August 1939, Animated Map: The Fall of France (Dunkirk), The German Threat to Britain in World War Two, The Battle of the Atlantic: The U-boat peril, Aerial Reconnaissance in World War Two Gallery, Hitler's Invasion of Russia in World War Two, Partisans: War in the Balkans 1941 - 1945, World War Two: The Battle of Monte Cassino, British Bombing Strategy in World War Two, The Air War, and British Bomber Crews, in World War Two, Germany's Final Measures in World War Two, The Battle of Arnhem (Operation Market Garden), Nuclear Power: The End of the War Against Japan, European Refugee Movements After World War Two, President Truman and the Origins of the Cold War, The Legacy of World War Two: Decline, Rise and Recovery, The League of Nations and the United Nations, The Special Operations Executive 1940 - 1946, British Special Operations Executive (SOE): Tools and Gadgets Gallery, The Foxley Report: Plotters against Hitler, The Foxley Report: Secret Operations in World War Two, The 'Lancastria' - a Secret Sacrifice in World War Two, why so many soldiers survived the trenches, how Pack Up Your Troubles became the viral hit. Had Britain's wartime leader truly stood alone in his opposition to appeasement, or did he rewrite history to portray himself in a better light? Tens of thousands more perished in the following weeks from radiation exposure and other injuries. After the German invasion of Poland in September 1939, six months of . February 2: The Germans surrender at Stalingrad, Soviet Union. Wong/Wikimedia CommonsA young child cries amidst the rubble of a destroyed train station in Shanghai, China, in 1937. The final nine months were the deadliest in the Pacific theater. The Bay of Pigs invasion was conducted by, harvnb error: no target: CITEREFDoD1998 (, Robert L. Willett, "Russian Sideshow" (Washington, D.C., Brassey's Inc., 2003), page 267, American-led intervention in Iraq (20142021), Foreign interventions by the United States, "Last troops exit Afghanistan, ending America's longest war", "Defense.gov News Release: NAME OF TECHNICAL SERGEANT RICHARD B. FITZGIBBON TO BE ADDED TO THE VIETNAM VETERANS MEMORIAL", "US military deaths in Iraq war at 4,452", "Robert Gates' Pentagon Legacy: Unfinished Wars, Unfinished Budget Reform", "Obama May Face Tough Decision as Iraqi Leader Signals U.S. Japanese internment camps were established during World War II by President Franklin D. Roosevelt through his Executive Order 9066. Missouri battleship off the coast of Tokyo. Volodymyr Zelenskyy has condemned the missile strikes on Kramatorsk which left at least four people dead. The Allied victory there heralded the beginning of the end of the war in Europe. Read more. : https://worldwar2.org.uk. In just these few hours, 430 people were killed and 1,600 were badly injured. The Luftwaffes terror-bombing of Polish cities, bridges, roads, rail lines, and power stations completed the disorganization of the Polish defenses. Each week, historians from the Institute for the Study of War and Democracy work with the archives of the Roper Center for Public Opinion Research at Cornell University to explore what Americans believed and how they felt about events and people related to the WWII years. Some are a total loss; others are already under repair with little outward sign of the damage sustained: Besides Buckingham palace, the chapel of which was wrecked, and Guildhall (the six-centuries old centre of London civic ceremonies and of great architectural beauty), which was destroyed by fire, Kensington palace (the London home of the earl of Athlone, governor general of Canada, and the birthplace of Queen Mary and Queen Victoria), the banqueting hall of Eltham palace (dating from King Johns time and long a royal residence), Lambeth palace (the archbishop of Canterbury), and Holland house (famous for its 17th century domestic architecture, its political associations, and its art treasures), suffered, the latter severely. Instead, Nazis adopted the Final Solution in 1941 and began to murder Jews en masse. In fact, the war was over in nine months, and the cost was some of the most horrific casualties of World War II. By April 1942, when the Japanese forced 75,000 starving and sick Allied POWs to walk more than 60miles under the most horrendous conditions in the scorching heat with little food or water during the Bataan Death March, there appeared to be little hope for an American victory. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. The use of the Tube system as a shelter saved thousands of lives, and images of Londoners huddled in Underground stations would become an indelible image of British life during World War II. An estimated 80,000 people died in Hiroshima, and 40,000 died in Nagasaki after the atomic bombings. September 2nd 1945 Who was the leader of the Nazi party? At the same time, the 3rd Army tanks, led by Guderian, were across the Narew attacking the line of the Bug River, behind Warsaw. Best Answer Copy France declared war on Germany on 3 September 1939, the same day as Great Britain, in response to the German invasion of Poland. Some 4,000 Allied troops lost their lives, and over 225,000 service members perished in the subsequent Battle of Normandy. Below are some key dates in World War II. As the news of Germany's surrender reached the rest of the world, joyous crowds gathered to celebrate in the streets, clutching newspapers that declared Victory in Europe (V-E Day). Corrections? While some of the poorer and more crowded suburban areas suffered severely, the mansions of Mayfair, the luxury flats of Kensington, and Buckingham Palace itselfwhich was bombed four separate timesfared little better. The 900 Days: The Siege Of Leningrad.Google Books, Hachette Books, 18 Sept. 2003. The sense of relative calm was abruptly shattered in the first week of September 1940, when the war came to London in earnest. The first day of the Blitz is remembered as Black Saturday. The phrase Business as usual, written in chalk on boarded-up shop windows, exemplified the British determination to keep calm and carry on as best they could. And, just as in World War I, varying alliances bound many countries together. After his optician business was destroyed by a bomb, Mickey Davies led an effort to organize the Spitalfield Shelter. (7 years, 6 months) September 3, 1939 - September 2, 1945 Participants: Axis powers China Czechoslovakia France Free French Honduras Mexico New Zealand Norway Allied powers . Poland was a country all too well suited for such a demonstration. Find History on Facebook (Opens in a new window), Find History on Twitter (Opens in a new window), Find History on YouTube (Opens in a new window), Find History on Instagram (Opens in a new window), Find History on TikTok (Opens in a new window). While you will be able to view the content of this page in your current browser, you will not be able to get the full visual experience. Denmark's strategic importance for Germany was limited. After the United States entered World War II, it expanded the draft ages to include men 18 to 37. On September 10 the Polish commander in chief, Marshal Edward Rydz-migy, ordered a general retreat to the southeast. Tens of millions of soldiers and civilians died during World War II. Blacks, initially excluded from the draft, were conscripted into the armed forces starting in 1943. the Blitz, (September 7, 1940-May 11, 1941), intense bombing campaign undertaken by Nazi Germany against the United Kingdom during World War II. All the German armies had made progress in fulfilling their parts in the great enveloping maneuver planned by General Franz Halder, chief of the general staff, and directed by General Walther von Brauchitsch, the commander in chief. Between Black Saturday and December 2, there was no 24-hour period without at least one alertas the alarms came to be calledand generally far more. Popular opinion still didn't want Americans in another war "over there." ThoughtCo. As the vice tightened around Japan, bringing the war closer to an end, the Japanese fought with all they had, and the casualties mounted. While the savage fighting was taking place in Manila, the USMarines of the 3rd, 4th, and 5th Divisions invaded Iwo Jima. 5, 2023, thoughtco.com/world-war-ii-timeline-1779991. In a survey of shelter use, it was found that, although the public shelters were fully occupied every night, just 9 percent of Londoners made use of them. A modern bomb census has attempted to pinpoint the location of every bomb dropped on London during the Blitz, and the visualization of that data makes clear how thoroughly the Luftwaffe saturated the city. War in the context of this list is broadly construed to be a direct armed conflict between organized U.S. military forces and organized forces of (a) belligerent(s). During 1939 and the first half of 1940, France and. It is believed that the wartime government covered up the death toll because of concern over the effect it would have had on public morale. More than 150,000 Japanese deaths occurred on Okinawa,including civilians. Nevertheless, for all the hardship it caused, the campaign proved to be a strategic mistake by the Germans. More than 4,000 Allied troops die, and 6,000 are. Here are 10 battles fought in World War II's Pacific Theatre not involving America: ONE. wardens, and members of the Home Guard drilling in the parks, life went on much as usual. Watch now video about Battle of Midway Tactical Overview World War II, Battle of Midway Tactical Overview World War II, Japanese American Fred Korematsu is arrested for resisting internment, Operation Tidal Wave: U.S. forces attempt risky air raid on Axis oil refineries, Marcario Garca becomes first Mexican national to receive U.S. Medal of Honor, D-Day is called off and postponed until June, The U-505, a submarine from Hitlers deadly fleet, is captured. The first full year of the war saw Germany invading its European neighbors: Belgium, the Netherlands, France, Denmark, Norway, Luxembourg, and Romania, and the bombing of Britain lasted for months. Stalingrad turned into Germany's first major defeat in 1943, and the North Africa stalemate ended, with the surrender of the Axis powers to the Allies in Tunisia. Both planes quickly proved their mettle against German bombers, and Germanys best fighter, the Bf 109, was of limited use as an escort due to its relatively short operating range. The night raids on London continued into 1941, and January 1011 saw exceptionally heavy attacks; the Mansion House (residence of the lord mayor of London) and the Bank of England narrowly avoided destruction when a bomb fell directly between them, creating a gigantic crater. 1942 there was a study published by the Public Roads Administration . one year two years four years three years See answers Advertisement alexkingcastro Answer: One year Explanation: It happened on June 6, 1944 and WW2 ended on September 2, 1945 I accidentally made 2 of the same question no 1944. A victory for the Luftwaffe in the Battle of Britain would indeed have exposed Great Britain to invasion and occupation. On August 2, Luftwaffe commander Hermann Gring issued his Eagle Day directive, laying down a plan of attack in which a few massive blows from the air were to destroy British air power and so open the way for the invasion. Likewise, France and Britain promised to protect Poland shortly before Germany invaded in 1939. The big turning point was undoubtedly the Battle of Midway, June 45, 1942, in which the Japanese lost four precious aircraft carriersa decisive victory for the USNavy. The unrealism of such an attitude was repeated in the Polish Armys dispositions. US morale received a much needed lift when Colonel Jimmy Doolittle led 16 B-25s from the carrier USS Hornet (CV-8) to bomb targets in Japan. Allied troops had already begun to liberate people who were imprisoned at concentration camps as early as mid-1944, and they continued to free any survivors they found at other death camps throughout the final months of the war on the Western Front.

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